Hydrochloric Acid is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. It is a strong, highly corrosive acid, widely used in industry for pH adjustment, metal cleaning, chemical synthesis, and water treatment. It is fully soluble in water and forms a highly acidic solution.
- Chemical Manufacturing: Used in the production of chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes.
- Metal Processing: Used for pickling and cleaning metals.
- Water Treatment: pH control and neutralization.
- Food Industry: Used in food processing and acidification.
- Construction: Part of concrete cleaning formulations.
Physical and Chemical Properties:
| Properties |
Data |
| Appearance |
Clear to slightly yellow liquid |
| Odor |
Pungent |
| Molecular Formula |
HCl |
| Molecular Weight |
36.46 g/mol |
| Boiling Point |
~110 °C (concentrated solution) |
| Density |
~1.18 g/cm³ (concentrated solution) |
| Solubility |
Completely miscible with water |
| pH |
<1 (concentrated solution) |
| Chemical Stability |
Stable under normal conditions |